Which of the following conditions is NOT necessary for bacteria to grow?

Bacteria are versatile microorganisms that can thrive in a variety of environments, and certain conditions are essential for their growth. Among the given options, darkness is the condition that is not universally necessary for bacterial growth.

Bacteria can grow in light and in the presence of varying environmental conditions. Some bacteria even require light to undergo photosynthesis; therefore, while some species may prefer darker environments, many do not rely on darkness for their growth and reproduction.

In contrast, air, food, and moisture are critical for most bacteria. Air provides oxygen for aerobic bacteria, food sources supply the nutrients necessary for energy and growth, and moisture is essential as it aids in cellular processes. A lack of these elements can hinder or prevent bacterial growth altogether. Thus, while darkness is beneficial for some organisms, it is not a necessity for the growth of all bacteria.